Subject(s)
Colitis, Ulcerative/genetics , Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics , Infections/genetics , Inflammation/genetics , Intestines/physiopathology , Organoids/physiopathology , COVID-19/genetics , Colitis, Ulcerative/microbiology , Colitis, Ulcerative/physiopathology , Colorectal Neoplasms/microbiology , Colorectal Neoplasms/physiopathology , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Escherichia coli Infections/genetics , Escherichia coli Infections/physiopathology , Humans , Infections/virology , Inflammation/virology , Interleukin-17/genetics , Models, Biological , Mutation , SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
The main symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are respiratory manifestations, while some confirmed patients developed gastrointestinal symptoms or even initially presented digestive symptoms. The link between pneumonia and gastrointestinal symptoms caused by severe acute respiratory symptoms coronavirus 2 focused our attention on the concept of 'gut-lung axis'. In this review, we discuss the inevitability and possible mechanisms of the occurrence of intestinal symptoms or intestinal dysfunction in COVID-19 from the perspective of the gut-lung axis, as well as the influence of the imbalance of intestinal homeostasis on the respiratory symptoms of COVID-19. The interaction between lung and intestine might lead to a vicious cycle of pulmonary and intestinal inflammation which may be a potential factor leading to the death of patients with COVID-19.